Polishing machine



NimhI 3o, 1926. 1,578,558 T. c. SHEEHAN PoLlsHlNG MACHINE Filed Sept.' 22, 192:5 e vsheets-$11555 y 2 n lil Mlgpl 25| .mmmwrilgl lBY lll- A l ummm surv

March 30 1926f T. C. SHEEHAN POLISHING MACHINE Filed Sept; 2.2, 1923 6 Sheets-.Sheelt 3 Marchi 30 19726.

T. c. SHEEHAN PoLIsHING MACHINE Filed sept. 2.2l

192.5 6 sheets-snelst 4 ABYH n, h m w w, m. s s A\ wkw? QU u NE N Amm k. Hwa. ,.Whdlllw P m 6. 2 9 l w .m m\ r .a M

ATTORNEY UNITED vs'rxriss 'PA-TENT OFFICE.

THOMAS CORNELIUS SHEEHKAN, 0F UPPER MONTCLAIB, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB T0 y WADE BUlCHER CORPORATION, OFJERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A. CORPORA- TION 0F NEW JERSEY'. i vroLisnrNG MACHINE.

Appiicatian med september 22, 192s. seria: N. 664,269. l v

ToaZZ whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, THOMAS C; SHEEHAN,

a citizen of the United States, residing at.` Upper Montclair, county of Essex, and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Polishing Machines, of which the following is a specification. l

This invention relates to a polishing'method. and apparatus. w l

Heretofore in the manufacture of"certain articles, such for example as knife blades, it has been the practice to grind the forged blades in alateral direction, then polish the saine -in substantially the same direction, then bu' the same alsohin the same general lateral direction when a higher finish was desired than that afforded by the polishing operation. The initial grinding operation left lateral abradant marks on the ground surfaces of the blade; or in other words, left surfaces Aconsisting of alternating grooves and ridges plainly visible to the naked eye. A fine ,abradantwas of course used in the polishing operation, -and this abradant iiot only acted on the 'tops of the ridges but on the bottom of the grooves, though under reduced pressure in the latter. Thus, vas the 'tops of the ridges were worn away, the grooves were deepened to a lesser extent. As. a result' of the practice of -polishing the blades in the same 'direction in'which they were ground, the ridges were worn away and polished but the abradant marks were not entirely removed, so that abradant marks were visible even on the polished blade. And

when the polished blades 'were buiedv in the same direction in which they had 'been ground and polished, the sharp marks were removed but the surface of the blade still showed alternating iiattened ridges and shallow grooves, though both were .highly polished. It is very desirable that a knife blade be finished to present a polished surface free from even attened ridges and sha1- low grooves; and it has been discoveredthat by polishing a laterally ground blade,ior

any article showing abradant -marks, in a direction intersecting said marks, so that'the abradant will act across the ridges, spanning `the grooves, and without deepening the latter, as in the old method of polishing along y the 'ridges' and grooves, the ridges will be wornentirely away, that is, down to the bottom of the grooves, and the resultant surface will be highly polished and free from the ridges an been unavoidable. therefore contemplates the use of a method of finishing an article bearing abradant marks which consists in polishing said -articlev in a direction intersecting said marks,

and involves thel production of anl apparatus grooves which heretofore have' The present invention for carrying this method into effect, in order, I

not only to produce a'bett'er finish on groundarticles, but to do itautomatically and at a greatly reduced cost. The` invention consists in certain methods, and in certain constructions and combinations which will be hereinafter fully described and then specically pointedout in the claims hereunto appended.'

In the accompanyin drawings, which form a part of this speciiic like chs'lra'cters of reference indicate the same or like parts, Fig. 1 is a sideelevaton of a machine -constructed in accordance with the invention; Fig. 2 isa lan view' of the structure shown in Fig. 1; ig. 3 vis -a frontend elevation ofthe structure shown in Figs'. 1 .and 2;' Fig. 4 is a lcross-sectional view taken oh the line 4-4.in"`Fig. 1 Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 5-5 ation and in which in Fig. 1;- Fig. 6 is a detail view in eleva-tion on 4an enlar ed scale of the article holders,

'the active e ementsof the polishing device.

and the means for supplying abradant thereto; Fig. 7 is a detail cross-sectional view taken on the line 7-.7 in Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional detail lview taken on tlieline 8-8 in Fig. 6; Fig. 9 is adetail planviewV on an enlargedscale of ltwoof the active elements ofthe polishing device, showing an art-icle betweenv the same, and means for pressing the active elements against the article; Fig. 10 is a detail-view taken on the f line 10-1-0 in Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a sectionalv view of one of the adjustable. cranks used for controlling and varying the amplitude of the polishing movement; Fig. 12 is.` a rear end elevation of the, structure shown in Figs..1, 2,. 3 and 4;-Fig. 13 is a detail viewof the means formovin the article presenting means in and out o operative position Fig. 14 is a side view, partly in section and onan enlarged scale, taken on the line I4-14 in Fig. 13; Fig. 1 5 is a' plan view of a modifiico cation of the structures shown in Figs. 1 to Y14 inclusive; and Fig. 16 is av-iew in elevationtakenon the line 16-16 in Fig. 15.

In carrying the invention into effect, the article bearing abradant marks is polished in a direction intersecting said marks and when the article is a knife blade bearing lateral abradant marks or abradant marks extending substantially in a lateral direction, the blade is polished in a direction substantially longitudinall with respect to the,

cordance with the invention. This bedpl'atc 'is supported by legs 18, 19 and 2O in a well blade; and when an automatic apparatus is used for the purpose of polishing articles by this method, there is provided a polishing device, means for presenting articles bearing' abradant marks to said device, and meclianisrn for producing' a relative movement of said device and said presenting means in a direction intersecting said marks, in order to wear awayv the ridges produced in the initial grinding operation without deepening the grooves, and thus reducetlie surface of the article to a polished surface unbroken by ridges and grooves. In the best constructions, there is further provided means for varying the amplitude of said movement to accommodatearticles of different lengths; means for moving said presenting means in and out 'of operative position, to facilitate loading .and unloading of the presenting means with articles; mea-ns for supplying abradant to said device to maintain the efficiency of its active elements; means for moving tlie'active element of said device in another direction to prevent uneven wear of said active element; and means forpressing the active element of said device against the articles to cause the abradant carried by said element to act upon the articles under proper pressure. In the best constructions also, the article presenting means is provided with non-rigid clamping means to permit a Islight relative movement of the presenting means and article whereby the article automatically adopts active element of the olishing device; the mechanism for producing a relative movel ment of the device and presenting means includes means for moving the presenting means, for by this construction a large number of articles can be loaded in the machine and simultaneously polished more readily than is otherwise possible; the polishing device includes a pair of polishing media'acting/on both sides of articles in the presentsides of a 'series of articles and thus etfecta material saving in time and cost. of operation; and said polishing device includes a plurality of pairs of polishing belts, and the presenting means includes a plurality of article supports, one for each pa1r of belts, so that a plurality ofseries or 'articles may 'be simultaneouslypolished on both sides, thus still further savingV time and reducing cost lof operation. The above mentioned devices, means, mechanism and parts may be lwidely varied in construction within the stricted to the precise details of the sti'uc- 70 tureshown and described. y Referring to the drawings, 17 indicatesl the bedplate of a machine constructed in ,acy

known manner. he structure so far dcscribed serves to support the various elements of the machine to be hereinafter dcscribed. A

As licie.inbefoie indicated, the machine-is provided with a polishing device including polishing media. acting on both sides otI articles to simultaneously ypolish thel same, and thus eli'cct a saving of time and a rcduction in cost of operation, although it is to bc understood that the invention also con templates the use of a single polishingniedium where thenatuie of the article to be polished precludesthe use of co-acting polishing media.y The machineillustrated is provided with a plurality of co-acting polishing media in the form of polishing belts 2l. 22, 28 and 24. The belt 21 overlies the` belt 22 and the two belts, as a pair, overrun pulleys 25 and 26. Similarly, the belt 95 23 overlies the belt 24 and these two belts, as a pair, overrun pulleys 27 and 28.

,In the machine illustrated, both pairs of belts are .given slow linearmovements for presenting-to the articles .to be polished an 100 ever-changing polishing surface and for preventing undue wear of parts of said belts. The means used for producing this belt-l movement is as follows:v the pulleys 25 and 27` are respectively mounted on 4vertical 105 shafts 29-30 Which are respectively jour-l naled in bearings 31-32, Fig. 5, mounted on the bedplate 17 near one of its ends. The shafts 29--30 project through and below the bedplate 17 and upon their projecting ends 110 i i respectively carry intermeshing gears B3-'34 whereby they are caused to rotate in unison and drive the two pairsof belts in unison. The shaft 29 above the gear 33 carries a worm wheel 35 by means of which it is 115 driven. This worm wheel is driven by a wor1n'36 which is mounted on a shaft 37 ing means to simultaneously polish bothw, journaled in a bracket 3S bolted to the under side of the bedplate 17 before referred to. One end of the shaft 37 carries a sprocket 39 120 over which rims a sprocket chain 40, and this sprocket chain also overruns a sprocket 41 fast on a shaft 42 which is journaled -in a bearing 43 bolted to the leg 18 and in a bearing 44 bolted to the leg 20. The 'shaft 125 42 is the mainpower shaft of the machine and it is drivenby means of a belt 45 overrunning fast andl loose pulleys 46-47 mounted on the end of the shaft adjacent the bearing 44 and outside the leg 20. A 130 Vsuitable belt-shifting device, not shown, is

` lVith this end in view, the pulley 26 is -fast 'ity of article supports, so

on a vertical shaft 48, and similarly the pulley 28 is fast on the vertical shaft 49, these shafts being respectively journaled in ad justable bearings 50-51, Fig. 5, mounted to slide in blocks 52-53 suitably bolted to the bedplate 17. The bearings 50-51 are adjustably moved in the' blocks 52- 53 by means of hand screws 54-55 operating in a well known -manner to independently tighten the pairs of belts 21-22 and 23-24. The

- shafts 48-49 project through and are journaled in angle bearings 56-57 below the bedplate 17. The shaft 48 carries a bevel pinionv 58 which is in mesh with a' bevel inlon 59 splined on a shaft 60, the latter beingl jour# naled in a bearing 61 bolted to the leg 18 and in a bearing 62 bolted to the leg 20. Ad-

jacent the bearing 62, the shaft 'carries a bevel pinion 63 in mesh with and drivenby a bevel pinion 64 on the extreme lower end of lthe shaft 29 before referred to. Similarly, the shaft 49 carries a bevel pinion 65 which is in mesh with a bevel pinion -66 splined on a shaft 67, the latter being driven from the shaft 30 as the shaft 60 is driven from the sh aft 29; that is tosay, -by a pair of bevel pinions the same in construction and operation as the pinions 63 and 64.

lVhen a large number of articles is to be polished simultaneously, their resistance to the linear movement of the belts 21, 22, 23 and' 24 is great and the four-pulley drive just described is sufficient to overcome thisV resistance .and prevent slippage of the belts on the pulleys.

In the'machine illustrated, means are provided for presenting articles bearing abradant marks 'tdw-fthe polishing device above described, andthis means includes a lural.- th g'a plura ity of' series of articles may simultaneously polished on both sides, to'still further save time and reduce cost of operation. In the machineillustrated, both runs of both pairs of.belts are usedfor polishing purposes and for this reason four article supports'are provided, each supporting a series of fifteen articles to be polished. These supports are generally indicated by the reference character 68, see Fig. 4. One of the supports 68 is bolted to a bar 69, two of them are bolted to a bar 70, and the 4th one is bolted to a bar 71. The'bars 69, 70 and'71 are bolted to crossheads 72-73, one at each end of the- 1,57s ses Y machine The supports 68 are all alike and a description of one will therefore 'answer for all four. Each support 68 l is provided with a series of clamping devices, each in- 'cluding a block 74 somewhat loosely held on when the articles to be polished are knife blades. The tangs 77 are clamped in the blocks 74 bymeansv of wing nuts'7 8 ofI well known construction and operation. The supports 68 are located in the machine to hold the knife blades. when knifeblades are to lbe polished', between the belts 21.-'--22 and the belts 26-24,v one support 68 being located over each run of both pairs of belts.

'The purpose of mounting, the blocks 7 4f'somewhat loosely on the supports 68 is to permit a slight movementof the knife blade, whereby it adjusts itself between the polishing belts tofacilitate even pressure of the belts -on the opposite surfaces of the blades. It

is to be understood that when articles other than knife blades aretovbe polished, different forms of clamping devices will be substituted for those shown in the drawings.

The machine 'illustrated' is provided with mechanism for producing a relative moveasV ment of the polishing device and the article presenting means in a directiony intersectlng the abradant marks on the artlcles to be polished in order to cause the polishing device to wear away thevridg'es produced in the initial grinding operation, without deep.- ening the grooves, thus reducing the surface of the article to a polished surface unbroken by ridges and grooves, and this mechanism includes means for moving the presenting means, the polishing device being operative in fixed position although the actlve elements of the latter, that is,the belts 21, 22,

23 and 24, have a linear movement oftheir own which is independent of the relative movement whereby the polishing function is effected. With' the above end in view, the

`crossheads 72-73 are respectively mounted to reciprocate vertically on posts 7 8-79, one

of which is secured to each end of the bedl plate 17 before referred to. Each of the` crossheads 72-73 is provided with a stud 80 held in position by means of a set screw 81.- Pivotalljz connected with each vof the studs 80 is a connecting rod 82 which is also pivotally connected with a crankpin 83, carried b v a crank 84. the cranks 84 being fast on the ends of a shaft 85 which is journaled in suitable bearings in the legs 18, 19 and 20 before referred to. On one side of the leg 19 the shaft carries a balance wheel 86, and on the other side of the same'leg the shaft -carries a gear -87 This gear 87 is in mesh with and is driven by a pinion 88 fast on the shaft 42 which, it will be remembered, .is the main power shaft of the machine. By means of the mechanism just described, the crossheads 72'-73`, carrying the four supports 68 loaded with sixty knife blades 0r 'other articles to be polished, aie given a rapid vertical reciprocating movement which causes the knife blades to slide down and up between the belts ofeach pair of belts, and consequently between `the active elements of the polishing device; and since the knife blades are always initially ground in a lateral direction, the polishing 'movement is in a direction fintersecting the abradant marks lett onv the blades during the.

- grinding operation: or, in other Words, in a blades an everchanging ,polishing surface.'

Means areprovided for pressing the active elements of thepolishing device against the blades or other articles to be polished. With this end in view; there is provided a series 0f bars 89 extending along the machine, one on either side of each run of each pair of belts and in the lateral Wake of said belts. These bars are supported from the bcdplate 17 by means of brackets 90 bolted to said bedplate, and each bar carries. in the Wake of each knife blade- When knife blades are to be polished, four pressure devices, each consisting of a clamp91 held by means of a set screw 92 on the bar 89, and provided with a stud 93 around which is coiled a pressure spring 94. One end of each spring 94 bears against the clamp 91,\vhile the other end bears against a plate 95 bearing aga-inst the belts 21, 22, or 23. 24. as the case maybe. The plates 95 are of sheetmetal and the upper section lof each is providedwith a series of stamped out spring tongues 96, one below each clamping block 74 before referred to, and one of vthe. springs 94 bears against eaclrof these spring'. tongues. A modified form of pressure device 1s shown r1n Fig. 9. It consists of -a pair of shoes 97-97, each carrying a pair of studs 98-98 c. freely movable in'suitable apertures in thev y coiled around the studs 98.

and a screw 99,'the studs and screw being bar 89 before referred to. Between the shoe 97 and the bar 89, pressure springs 100 are It will be readily understood that the pressure exerted against the polishing belts, and through the latter on the surface of the article to be polished, is dependent upon thel thrust 0f' etiiciency of the active elements of t e polishing device, means are provided Vfor supplying abradant to said device. In the machine illustrated, and with this end in view, there are provided troughs 101 supported by the brackets 90 before referred t0,

and containing abradant in the form of the finest flower of emery in thickoil. By an inspection ofFigs. 4 and 6, it Will'be seen that the knife blades 102 dip into this abradant atthe lower end of the reciprocating movement of the presenting means, and it will be readily understood that iupon the upward movement of the presenting means -each blade will carry alittle of the abradant to the surface of the belts 21-22 or 23-24, as the case may be, 4and spread it thereon, this spreading action being aided by the slonT linear movement of the belts. Any excess of abradant carried up falls back into the trough from which it. came. vThe active elements of the polishing device are thus kent in highly eieient condition. l

When articles are to be loaded into the presenting means, it is desirable that the latter be moved out of operative position with respect to the polishing device, and means are ro-vided for this purpose. In the machine il ustrated, the means for moving the presenting means in and ont of operative position includes a shaft 103 journaled in bearings 104 atthe top of the posts 7 8--79 before referred to. This shaft carries at one end an `operating handle 105 by means of Whichit is rocked when desired.; Loosely mounted upon the shaft 103, between the i. 'For the purpose of maintaining a hi h` p v bearings 104-104,-is a rotatable sleeve 106, I

and this sleeve carries at each of fts ends a disk 107, which in turn carries a. pin 108. The disks 107 are fast on and rotatable with the sleeve 106. Each-of the pins 108 is adapted to engage a bent arm 109 fulcrumed at 110 to a disklll fast on the shaft 103. Each arm 109 is provided with a recess 112 which is adapted for engagement with a stud 113 carried by each vof the crossheads 7 2--7 3.

to the polishing device for unloadin and reloading purposes, the bolts'116 are oosened, the lever 105 is thrown upward to cause the fulcrum of the arm 109 to move downward below the sha-ft 103. The sleeve 106 'isthen rotated to cause the recesses 112-112'of the arms 109-109 to engage the studs 1-13-113. The lever 105 is then moved downwardly tol its normal position, as shown in Fig. 13. This brings the fulcrum 110 above and to the ,right of the shaft 103, -or in other words,

past dead center of a line intersecting the stud 113 and the shaft 103. And there it remains until unloading and reloading has taken place, and the presenting means has again 'been lowered into operative position,

and the bolts 116 again tightened.

Means are therefore provided for varyin the'A amplitude of the said movement, an

-. formed in the crank 84. The head 117, and

this means consists of devices whereby the strokeof the cranks 84 maybe varied. As shown, the crankpin 83 is provided with an integral rectangular head 117, see Fig. 11; and this head is movable in a slideway 1518 consequently the crankpin 83, is moved tovward or away from the axis of the shaft byl means of a screw 119 of well known construction and operation. It will be readily understood that the variation of crank throw which can be effected by means of the device just described willl result in varying the amplitude of the relative movement of the presenting means and polishing device.

The machine illustrated and describedy is designed to simultaneously polish both surfaces of sixty knife blades, when knife blades are to be polished. It has been found that the best results are obtained by using the finest obtainable abradant and continuing the polishing operation for a considerable time, an hour or more. A single operator, however, can handle four such machines for there is nothing for him to do except load and unload'them, so that one operator can keep three machines running all thev time, and four machines running a part of the time. He can therefore polish upwards of two hundred blades per hour as ainst ten polished by hand methods hereto ore used, thus greatlyreducing the cost of operation and' also producing better products with machinelike recision.

In view o -the foregoing, adetailed description of the operation of the device is deemed unnecessary and is therefore omitted in the interest of brevity.

I In the modified form'of article presentingmeans and polishingldeviee shown in Figs. 15 and 16, there are ten pairs of belts 120 and teli supports 121, eachA support being provided with clamping devices 123 similar in all respects to those used in the machine illustrated in Figs. 1 to 14 inclusive. The belts 120 are not endless, but at their opposite ends are secured to crossheads 124 sliding on bars 125 supported by blocks 126 mounted on the bedplate 17. Each crosshead is connected to one-end of a lever 127 fulerumed at 128 to a block 129 secured to the under side of the bedplate 17 the opposite end of each of the levers 127 beingconnected to a parallel bar 129. vThis bar carries a stud 130 engaging a fork 131 on an oscillating lever 132' fulcrumed at 133 to a suitablepa-rt of the machine and oscillated by suitable means, not shown, the purpose of this oscillation being to produce a reciprocating movement of the belts 120 for the same purpose that the belts 21, 22, 23 and 24 in the preferredmachine, are given their linear movement.

It Will-be understood that in the machine illustratedin Figs. 1 to 14 inclusive, and also in the machine in part illustrated inFigs. 15 and`16, thepolishing deviceincludes a plurality of pairs of polishing belts mounted in,parallelism, and the presenting means is correspondingly provided with means for supporting a plurality of series of articles in parallelis lVhat is claimed is:

1. A polishing machine comprising a at polishing medium, means for presenting article's to said medium, means for reciprocating said presenting means in parallelism with said medium, and means for moving said mediumy in a direction transverse to the movements of said presenting means.

2.-'A polishing machine comprising a dat ticles to said medium, means for reciprocating said presenting means in parallelism with said medium, means for `moving said medium in a direction transverse to thc movements of said presenting means, and means for varying the amplitude of the movements of said presenting means.

3. A polishing machine comprising alat polishing medium, means for presenting articles to said medium, means for reciprocating said presenting means in parallelism with said medium, means for moving said medium in a directiontransverse to the movements lof said resenting means, and means for moving said presenting means in and out of operative posltion.

4. A polishing machine comprising a flat polishing medium, means for resenting-articles to-said medium, means or reciprocating said presenting means 'ln-parallelism with said 'med1um, means for movmg sald -medium in a direction transverse to the movements of said presenting means, and

vpolishing medium, means vfor presenting articles to said medium, means ing said presenting means in para lellsmA ing said presenting means in parallelismv with said medium, means for moving said medium in a direction transverse to the movements of said presenting means, means for varying the amplitude of the movements of said presenting means, means for moving 'said presenting means in and out of operative position, means for supplying abradant to said medium, and means forpressing saidl medium against the articles.

7. A polishing machine comprising a fiat polishing medium, means for presenting ai'- ticles to said medium, means for reciprocating said presenting means in parallelism with said medium, and means for moving 'said medium in a direction transverse to the movements of -said presenting means. said medium being active on opposite sides of the articles.

8. A polishing machine comprising a flat polishing medium, means for presenting articles to said medium, means for reciprocating said presenting means in arallelism with said medium, and means or moving said medium in a direction transverse to the movements of said presenting means, said medium including endless belts acting 4on opposite sides of the articles. 1 I 9. A polishing machine comprising a flat polishing medium, means for presenting articles to said medium, means for reciprocating said presenting means inparallelism with said medium, and means for moving said medium in a direction transverse to the movements of said presenting means, said medium including an endless belt Within another said belts acting onopposite sides of the articles.

10. A polishing machine comprising a fiat polishing medium, means for resenting articles to said medium, means or reci rocating said presenting means 'in para lelisni with said medium and means 'for'moving' said medium in a direction transverse to the movements of said presenting means, said moving means acting to move said medium horizontally.

11. A polishing machine comprising a fiat polishing mediuim means-,for presenting aror reci rocatwith said medium', and means for moving said medium in a direction transverse to the-'.5- ffh.' movements of said presenting means, said j;

means acting to move said medium moving continuously, v .y ,p

12. A polishing machine comprising 'a ilat polishing medium, means for presenting articles to said medium, means for reciprocatarallelisming said presenting means in with said medium, and means or'moving said medium in a direction transverse tothe movements of said presenting'means, said moving means acting to move said medium in one directionl only.

. 13. A polishing machine comprising a flat polishing medium, means for resenting articles to saidmedium, means or reciprocating -said presenting means in parallelism with said medium, and means for moving said medium in a direction transverse to the movements of said presenting means, said moving means acting to move said medium -at a speed lower than that of said reciproeating means. A

14. A polishing machine comprising a fiat polishing medium, means for resenting ar.

ticles to said medium, means or reciprocating said presenting means in parallelism 'I With said medium, and means for moving said medium in a direction transverse to tle movements of said presenting means, said moving means acting to move said medium horizontally and continuously and at a speed lower than't-hat of said reciprocating means.

415. A polishing machine comprising a flat polishing medium, means for presenting ar ticles to said medium, means for reciprocating said presenting means in parallelism with said medium, and means for moving said medium in a ldirection transverse to the movements of said presenting means, said moving means being Worm driven.

'16. AA polishing machine comprising a flat polishing medium, mea-ns for presenting articles to'said medium, means for reciprocate ing said presenting means in parallelism with said medium, and means'for moving said medium vin al direction transverse to the movements of said presenting means, said presenting means including means for holding the articles during the polishing operation..

17. A polishing machine comprising a vfiat polishing medium, means for presenting articles to said medium, means for reciprocating said presenting means in parallelism with said medium, and means for moving said medium 1n a direction' transverse to the movements of said presenting means, said presenting means including inde endent clamping devices for independently olding the articles during the polishing operation.

18. A polishing machine comprising a flat polishing medium, means for presenting articles to said medium, means for reciprocatafricainsA j ing said presenting means in parallelism with said medium, and means `for moving said medium in a direction transverse to the movements of said presenting means, said presenting mea-ns including a frame provided with ioWs of clamping devices for in'-l dependently holding the articles during the polishing operation.

19. A polishing machine comprising a fia polishing medium, means for presenting articles to said medium, means for reciprocating said presenting means in parallelism With said medium` and means formoving said medium in a direction transverse to the movements of said -presenting means, said presenting means acting to present the ar`- with said medium, and means r moving said medium in adirection transverse to thev presenting means, said movements ofr said presenting means being vertically movable and provided with rows of clam ing devices for independently lioldingan resenting l the articles to sai medium in ap urality of 22. A .polishing 'machine comprising a fiat polishing medium, means for resenting articles to said medium, means or reciprocating said presenting means in arallelisin with said. medium, and means or moving said medium in a direction transverse to the movements of said resenting means, said recprocatiiig means eing crank-actuated.

2 3. A polishing machine comprising a fiat polishing medium, means for resen'tng articles to said medium, means` or reciprocating said'-r presenting means in arallelism with said medium. and meansv or moving said vmedium in a direction transverse'to the fparallelism movements of said vpresenting means, said reciprocating means including crank-actuated rods connected with said presenting means.

24. A polishing machine 'comprising a flat polisliinginedium, means for presenting' articles to said medium, means for reciprocating said presenting means iii parallelism with 4said medium, and ineanszfor moving.

.said medium in a. direction transverse to the movements of said presenting means, said reciprocating means including adjustable cranks for varying the amplitude of the reciprocations, and rods connecting said cranks with said presenting means. -25. A polishing machine comprising a fiat polishing medium, means for presenting articles to said medium, means for reciprocat- I ing said presenting means in parallelism with said medium, and means for moving said medium' in a directiontransverse to the movements of said presenting means, and means-for supplying abradant to said medium including a trough into which lthe ar ticles dip and from which they convey abradant to said medium. I

26. A polishing machine comprising a-flat polishing medium, means for presenting articles to said medium, means for reciprocatingsaid presenting means' in parallelism with said medium, means for moving said medium in a direction transverse to the movements of said, 'presentingmeand and means for moving said presenting means in and out of operative position including a manually actuated rock-shaft and operative connections. V

27 A polishing machine comprising a fiat polishingmedium,I4 means for presenting articles to said medium, means for reciprocating said presenting means in I,parallelism with said medium, means for moving'said medium in a direction transverse to the inovements of said presenting means, and means a for moving saidpresenting means in and out-of operative position including a manually actuated rock-shaft; and a plurality ot connecting hooks for engagement with said presenting means., 1

' In testimony whereof, I-'liave signed my name to'tliiss c ii'cation.v 4- THOMAS ORNELIU S SHEEHAN. 

